CE              Age  

Life Event of Prophet Muhammad (sws)

555             -

570            0

CE for Year in Common Era

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

CE          Age

570            0

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

Birth of Lady Khadijah bint Khuwailid ®

Later she become the Prophet’s first wife.

Muhammad (sws) - The Greatest Mercy to Humanity

• This year 570 CE (Common Era) - Persians expelled Byzantines (Roman) from Yemen, a country located in the southern Arabian Peninsula.

• The world was in darkness. This year 570 - A ray of hope to the world began when the baby Muhammad (sws) was born. It’s on Monday, 12 Rabi’ul Awwal or April 22, 570 in Makkah current day Saudi Arabia.  It was 53 years before Al-Hijrah.  He was a beautiful and healthy Arab boy.
• He came from a noble clan of Banu Hashim among the major tribe of Quraish. Allah (swt) has named Surah 106 “Quraish” after this famous tribe of Makkah in the land of Arabian Peninsula.
• His father named Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib.  Unfortunately, Abdullah died the same year before the baby Muhammad (sws) was born.  Abdullah was on his business and trading trip back from Syria (Ash-Sham). He was buried in Yathrib (later known as Madinah), a rocky-tracked city 200 miles north of Makkah.

Interesting Note: 

Abdullah was the youngest of 10 sons of Abdul-Muttalib, a noble leader of Quraish. Abdullah was a good looking and well-mannered boy. Abdul-Muttalib loved his baby boy very dearly.  However, he used to wow to Allah (swt) that he would sacrifice one son, if he had 10. With 10 sons, now he had to fulfill his promise. But which one?  He drew the lots 3 times and it was all Abdullah. In order to save Abdullah’s life, he had to sacrifice 100 camels instead. Also long before this time, Allah (swt) ordered Prophet Ibrahim@ to sacrifice his son Isma’il@, but his life was saved by a ram. Because of this two incidents, Rasulullah (sws) was known as a son of the two sacrificed ones.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Interesting Note:

 It is important to note that most of Arabs those days believed in Allah (swt), the message introduced by Prophet Ibrahim (a) and his son Prophet Isma’il (a) long time ago.  You can see Abdul-Muttalib even named his youngest son Abdullah (meaning the slave of Allah). They believed that Al-Ka’bah was a sacred House. But they worshipped Allah (swt) in the wrong way.  Worst of all, they created idols from woods and stones. They believed these idols would bring them closer to Allah (swt). They kept 360 idols inside and around Al-Ka’bah to be worshipped instead of Allah (swt) directly as we all must do.  That’s why Rasulullah (sws) was sent to bring the Arabs and the rest of humanity back to the true worship of One True God - Allah (swt).

• His mother named Aminah.  Her Abyssinian servant named Barakah® was with her at the birth of her son. One night, Aminah saw a dream with the light shining out from her towards Ash-Sham, Syria. Barakah® said: “You’ll give birth to a blessed child who will bring goodness.” He was a blessed child, indeed. Subhana’Allah wal Hamdulillah wal Allahu Akbar!

CE          Age

570            0

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

CE          Age

570            0

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

Interesting Note:

It is interesting to know that Barakah® also known as ‘Umm Ayman was the only person in the whole world to witness the entire life of the last messenger (sws) of Allah (swt) from birth to death. She knew him better than anyone. It’s a great honor for Barakah® to obtain such a memorable experience in which no one ever had. Rasulullah (sws) loved and respected her so much like his own mother.

• His grandfather, Abdul-Muttalib, loved the baby very much as he remembered his own son Abdullah. He named the baby “Muhammad” which means “the Praised One” or “the Highly Praised” or “the frequently praised one”.
• Barakah® helped Aminah nurture the baby Muhammad (sws) for a short while, but he was soon sent away to live in the desert with Halimah®.  It’s a tradition of those days.
• Halimah As-Sa’diyyah®, his foster mother/wet-nurse, raised him in the pure desert air near Ta’if. Halimah® took care of him for 4 years.  She loved baby Muhammad (sws) like her own. She would take him to visit his mother Aminah and Barakah® in Makkah from time to time.
• Baby Muhammad (sws) was born in the Year of the Elephant (عا م الفيل).  It was a year when Abrahah Al-Ashram ruled Yemen on behalf of the king of Abyssinia. Yemen was a part of the Abyssinian kingdom (a present day Ethiopia). He came with his huge army of 13 elephants with the biggest one named Mahmud.  He intended to destroy Al- Ka’bah.  Allah (swt) sent His army of birds with stones of baked clay (Sijjil).  The birds dropped stones on Abrahah’s army.  They were completely destroyed and Abrahah fled away but died on his way back to Yemen.  The story is recorded in Al-Qur’an in Surah Al-Fil (105:1-5). We would not have known this story if Allah (swt) had not told us in Al-Qur’an. It is so important for us Muslims to study Al-Qur’an and understand its meanings. When we read Al-Qur’an, Allah (swt) talks to us as well as telling us stories.

• Soon Allah (swt) would raise this Baby Muhammad (sws) to present His “New World Order”. It is a code of life know as Islam. He (sws) would brings the humanity out from darkness (worshiping other creation) to the everlasting Light (worshiping ONE CREATOR – ALLAH).

Interesting Note:

Abrahah built a huge church of colored marble with doors of gold and silver in San’a, the capital city of Yeman and named it Al-Qullais. His intention was to call the Arabs in Arabia to make Hajj there instead of Makkah.  This way he could divert the trade and financial benefits from Makkah to San’a.  Abrahah was angry when nobody came to his Al-Qullais for Hajj. Also, a man from Quraish tribe came and relieved his nature (stool and urine) in Al-Qullais.  Out of his jealousy and anger, Abrahah had then decided to destroy Al-Kha’abh once and for all.

• Allah (swt) saved Al-Ka’bah by using flock of small birds as His army and soon He would bring up His best servant to purify His House from 360 idols. Al-Ka’bah was found by Prophet Ibrahim@ and his son Isma’il@ 4000 years ago. Al-Ka’bah is Allah’s House on Earth. As the Owner, He is the One Who would protect it.

• Al-Bait ul-Ma’moor is Allah’s House over the 7th heaven. As we visit Al-Kabah on Earth, the angels visit Al-Bait ul-Ma’moor to worship Allah (swt). Every day 70,000 of the angels enter it and never come back again until the Day of Judgement.

Interesting Note:

One more time! Rasulullah (sws) is also known as a son of the two sacrificed ones. Prophet Ismail@ would be sacrificed by Prophet Ibrahim@ but was saved by a ram and his father Abdullah would be sacrificed by Abdul-Muttalib but was saved by 100 camels.

CE              Age

577                6

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ

 خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

• At the age of 6, the young boy Muhammad (sws) returned to live with his mother for two years.  Lady Aminah was so happy to have her son back with her. He grew up healthy, strong, well-mannered and polite.  This year she decided to take the young Muhammad (sws) and Barakah® to visit her relatives and her husband’s grave in Yathrib (later known as Madinah).  Unfortunately, Lady Aminah got sick and died outside of Yathrib on the way back to Makkah.

• It’s Barakah®’s job to take care of him. With her great courage, Barakah®  brought the young Muhammad (sws) back to Makkah safely.  She took him to his grandfather, Abdul-Muttalib, a well-respected leader of Quraish.

• The young Muhammad (sws) now lost both parents. Abdul-Muttalib received the young boy with tears in his eyes.  He loved the young Muhammad (sws) very much and took good care of his grandson for the next two years.   He did not know this young boy would grow up to become the great man ever lived.

CE              Age

579                 8 

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

• However, his grandfather’s love for him came to an end shortly. Abdul-Muttalib died 2 years later out of his old age. Subhana Allah.

• Barakah® again took the young Muhammad (sws) to live with his uncle. Abu Talib welcomed the young Muhammad (sws) as a member of his family.  Abu Talib took care of and protected his nephew for the next 42 years.

Interesting Note:

By now the young Muhammad (sws) was an orphan, having neither father nor mother. His grandfather who loved him very dearly also passed away. In Arab society those days, he would have been considered a worthless child without a family to protect him.  He had no chance to succeed in life.  But as you will learn Allah (swt) had a better plan for the young Muhammad (sws).

• Learn his life……………….Get to know him!
• Love his life………….Be like him!
• Live his life…………..Follow him!
• Enter the Paradise…….Be with him!)

CE              Age

583               12

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

• At the age of 12, the young Muhammad (sws) worked hard for his uncle Abu Talib.   As a shepherd, his job was to take care of the sheep.  Taking care of the sheep helped him gaining experience to take care of his ‘Ummah when he later became the Prophet of Allah (swt). Rasulullah (sws) used to say:

“Allah sent not prophet who was not a shepherd.

Musa@ was a shepherd.  Dawud@ was also a shepherd.”

• Abu Talib was very impressed with his young nephew’s intelligent and well-mannered quality, he decided to take him along to a business trip to Syria (Ash-Sham).  His job was to take care of the animals of the caravan.
• While traveling, Bahira, a Christian priest, noticed the cloud covered the caravan.  Bahira had learned from the Bible that the cloud only covered the prophet.  Bahira met with the young Muhammad (sws) and asked to see a birthmark on his back between the shoulders.  He saw a birthmark about the size of a small egg as it was written in his Holy Book. Bahira recognized that the young Muhammad (sws) would one day become Allah’s last prophet and messenger. He told Abu Talib to take good care of his special nephew.

CE              Age

586               15

• At the age of 15, he witnessed the Battle of Al-Fujjar between his tribe Quraish and Hawazin. The battle took place during Hajj season and lasted for 4 years.
• His job during this battle was to collect all the arrows in the battlefield to be reused. He learned to not be wasteful even in the battlefield at a young age.

CE              Age

587             16

• At the age of 16, he joined a noble society called “Hilf-ul-Fudul” (Alliance of Charity). The purpose of Hilf-ul-Fudul was to help the oppressed, the poor, and the needy.  It shows concern and interest in the welfare of the society in Makkah.  As a young man, Muhammad (sws) was known as As-Siddiq or the Truthful and Al-Amin or the trustworthy.

CE              Age

595               24

• At the age of 24, Muhammad’s personal quality of well-mannered, truthful, and trustworthy reached Lady Khadijah Binti Khuwailid®.  She was a wealthy widow who had a good reputation in Makkan society. She hired a trustworthy Muhammad (sws) to take care of her family business.

• He took the 2nd business trip to Syria (Ash-Sham) for Lady Khadijah® with her servant Maysarah. The trip was successful and profitable. Lady

     Khadijah® was well-pleased with his honesty and his business dealings.  

• Maysarah reported to Lady Khadijah®:  “Among all the young men of Makkah, there are none comparable to Muhammad.”

CE              Age

596              25

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

• Lady Khadijah® proposed to marry young Muhammad (sws) through her close friend’s arrangement, Nafisah and he agreed to marry her.

• The marriage took place when he was 25. Lady Khadijah® was 15 years older than him.  It was a very happy marriage.  She was an excellent wife and mother. He loved and honored her so much, even after her death.  He had no other wives during this period.
• They had 6 children - 2 boys Al-Qasim® (Tahir) and Abdullah® (Tayyib) both died at young ages.  Four daughters were Lady Zainab®, Lady Ruqaiyah®, Lady Umm Kulthum® and Lady Fatimah®.  All accepted Islam. All of his daughters died before him except Lady Fatimah®.
• Because of her great quality of righteousness and piety, Allah (swt) used to send “Salam” to Lady Khadijah® through Jibril@. 

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Interesting Note: 

Due to her total sacrifice for the sake of Deen Al-Islam, Allah has honored Lady Khadijah® as one of 4 best and most noble women in the world. Rasulullah (sws) used to say: “The best women of Jannah are four (the other three are 2) Lady Maryam Binti ‘Imran® mother of Prophet ‘Isa@, 3) Lady Aasiyah Binti Muzaahim® wife of Egyptian King Fir-oun who raised Prophet Musa@, and 4) Lady Fatimah Binti Muhammad® the youngest daughter of Rasulullah (sws).

C.E.            Age

606               35

C.E.            Age

606               35

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

• At the age of 35, Al-Ka’bah needed rebuilding after a sudden flood had damaged it and cracked its walls. Muhammad (sws) and four clans of Quraish took part in the work. An argument took place about who should have the honor of placing a very sacred stone (the Black Stone) on the East wall of Al-Ka’bah. A civil war almost erupted.

• Abu Umayyah, the oldest man in Makkah, suggested that  

“Let the 1st man to enter the gate of the Masjid next morning

decides the matter in dispute among us.”

• They were all happy to see Muhammad (sws) was the man.  Shouting:

“الصديق الامين ”

“The truthful, the trustworthy.”

• Muhammad (sws) helped settle the dispute among them regarding the placement of Al-Hajar al-‘Aswad (the most sacred Black Stone).  He asked for a piece of cloak and he spread on the ground, place the Black Stone over it and suggested:

“Let the elder of each clan hold on to one edge of the cloak.”

• Muhammad (sws) was the one to place the Black Stone on the wall of Al-Ka’bah. He was the judge and the umpire who averted a bloody civil war among his people before he was chosen to be the greatest prophet and messenger of Allah, Subhana Allah!

• Allah (swt) prepared Muhammad (sws), the best man, to carry His greatest mission at the right place and at the right time for humanity. His great personal quality was known as Al-Amin (the Trustworthy) and As-Sadiq (the Truthful). If you love his life, be like him.

C.E.   Age    Pr

Life Event of Prophet Muhammad (sws)

610      40    1

Pr for year in Prophethood

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

C.E.   Age    Pr

610      40    1

Pr for year in Prophethood

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

C.E.   Age    Pr

610      40    1

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhamma)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

C.E.   Age    Pr

610      40    1

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhamma)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

• Imagine! A poor orphan, a hard-working shepherd, and an illiterate man was just about to become the best and most influential person ever lived on this planet earth.  Almighty Creator and Sustainer Allah (swt) had chosen him as His last and the greatest Prophet of all time. Allahu Akbar!

• At the age of 40, Muhammad (sws) had everything a man would need. He had an amazing wife, lovely daughters, peaceful family, and comfortable life. His reputation among the Makkan society was well-known. But he was not satisfied with the overall situation. Something was missing in his life. He felt restless. He started to search for the truth. The truest search is to search for Allah (swt)…Al-Haqq.

• He found a quiet place to think and reflect upon the true purpose of life, his environment as well as the heavens, the earth, and the universe. While meditating in the Cave Hira’ of Jabal al-Nur (the Mountain of Light) on Monday, 17th day of Ramadan, Jibril@, the leader of all angels, brought to Muhammad (sws) the 1st revelation of Al-Qur’an (Wahi).

• The 1st word of the 1st revelation was Iqra – Read! And the 1st Ayah was:                          

“Read in the Name of your Lord Who created….”

ٱقۡرَأۡ بِٱسۡمِ رَبِّكَ ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَ (١)

 خَلَقَ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنَ مِنۡ عَلَقٍ (٢)

 ٱقۡرَأۡ وَرَبُّكَ ٱلۡأَكۡرَمُ (٣)

 ٱلَّذِى عَلَّمَ بِٱلۡقَلَمِ (٤)

عَلَّمَ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنَ مَا لَمۡ يَعۡلَمۡ (٥

              (Al-Qur’an: Surah Al-Alaq 96:1)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Interesting Note:

It is very interesting to learn how Allah (swt) first introduced Himself to Prophet Muhammad (sws) and mankind. He (swt) has 99 most Beautiful Names or Artibutes. But He (swt) chose “الكرم = the Most Generous” to be the first Name or Artibute to introduce Himself. The word ‘Iqra’ involves teaching and giving knowledge. Whoever teaches you or gives you knowledge is the most generous person. Your mother and father are your first teachers, then your school teachers. Therefore, you must be thankful to them, respect them, and honor them the most, In Shaa Allah.

____________________________________________________________________________________

• Jibril@ ordered Rasulillah (sws) to repeat these words several times.

He (sws) recited them repeatedly and felt as though the words were written in his heart.  

• Jibril@ said: “O Muhammad! You are the prophet of Allah and I am Jibril@”.  He became greatly troubled at this strange happening.  He ran straight home to his wife Lady Khadijah® for comfort.  He cried:   “Cover me! Cover me!”  She comforted him as a good wife should.

• Later Lady Khadijah® took him (sws) to meet her cousin named Waraqah Bin Nawfal.  He was old and blind. He was a Christian with knowledge of Tawrah (the Old Testament) and Injil (the New Testament- the Gospel).  Upon hearing Rasulullah’s (sws) story, Waraqah said:

“This is the same one who keeps the secrets (Jibril@) whom

  Allah had sent to Musa@).  I wish I were young and could live up to the time when your people would abuse you and turn you out (from your home town Makkah). If I ever live to see that day, I will surely help the cause of Allah.  Allah knows I will.”

• Waraqah kissed Muhammad (sws) on his forehead.  He passed away a few months later.  Rasulullah (sws) saw Waraqah® as a man of Paradise in his dream, Alhamdulillah.

• 2nd revelation from Surah Al-Muddaththir (74) Ayah 1-7 was revealed to him. It ordered him to start making “Da’wah” by inviting people to worship Allah (swt), to avoid the idols, and to be patient.

• 1st Muslim: His beloved wife Lady Khadijah® responded to his call by accepting Islam.  She became the 1st Muslim after Rasulullah (sws) himself, of course.

• 3rd revelation from Surah Al-Muzzammil (73), Ayah 1-8 came ordering Rasulullah (sws) to make Salatul Tahajjud (the night prayer). This type of Salat provided Muhammad Rasulullah (sws) with a much needed - spiritual power and energy to carry his heavy assignment as prophet and messenger of Allah (swt).

• No Revelations for a while. Six months later, Allah (swt) revealed Surah Ad-Duha to comfort His beloved Prophet that:

“Your Lord has neither forsaken you nor hated you….” (Surah Ad-Duha 93: 1-11)

• Jibril@ then taught Rasulullah (sws) the most important Surah - Al-Fatihah (1:1-7).  The Qur’an calls it Sab’a Al-Mathaani (سبع المثا نى) – the 7 repeatedly recited Verses, the mother of Al-Qur’an.

• 2nd Muslim, Rasulullah’s young 10 years old cousin Ali ibn Abi Talib®.  Rasulullah (sws) asked Ali® to seek permission from His father. After thinking overnight Ali® decided to accept Islam by making this profound statement:

“Allah created me without consulting my father.

Why should I consult my father in order to

Worship Allah Who created me.”

• 3rd Muslim was his servant and an adopted son, Zaid ibn Harithah®. He later married Barakah®. They had a son named Usamah®.

• 4th Muslim was his mother-maid lady from Abyssinia, Barakah®.  Bilal ibn Rabah® also came from Abyssinia (current day Ethiopia).

Interesting Note:

Rasulullah (sws) loved and respected Barakah® like his own mother.  He arranged Barakah® to marry a man from Yathrib (Madinah) named Ubayd.  They had one son named Ayman®.   She was now known as ‘Umm Ayman. Later her husband died.  She and her son moved back to Makkah and lived with Rasulullah’s family.  Rasulullah (sws) then married her to his adopted son, Zaid ibn Harithah®.  They had a son named Usamah®). Usamah® later became one of the best known ones.

Jibril@: Allah (swt) created Jibril@ as a leader of all angels having 600 wings,. He is the most important Allah’s angel. Allah (swt) give him the most important responsibility of delivering His messages to the human messengers, including Rasulullah (sws). He taught Rasulullah (sws) how to recite Al-Qur’an, to make Wudu’ and to perform Salat, etc.

HADITH: Ai’shah ® said that the Prophet (sws) told her:

“I saw Jibil@ twice in his actual form in which Allah (swt) created him: once at Sidrat ul-Muntahaa (the Lote Tree at the Throne), and once at the Cave of Hira in Makkah. I sow him flying down from the heaven, having 600 wings, and his huge size covered all space from the heaven to earth.”

(Sahih Al-Bukhari)

HADITH: Ibn Mas’ood ® reported that the Prophet (sws) Said:

“Jibri® came to me wearing green silk garments with pearls

Attach to them.” (Imam Ahmad®)

• 5th Muslim was his best and closest friend Abu Bakr As-Siddiq ibn Abi Quhafah®.  He was a 38 years old wealthy businessman.  He accepted Islam without hesitation. Later on Rasulullah (sws) call him “As-Siddiq”, one who confirms the True without questions.

• Allah (swt) ordered Rasulullah (sws) and his new Muslims to perform Salatul Fajr and Salatul Asr consisting of 2 Raka’at each at that time while in early years of Makkah.

• During the 1st three years, Rasulullah (sws) made Da’wah (inviting others to Islam) in secret.  All of his daughters, Zainab®, Ruqayyah®, Umm Kulthum®, and Fatimah® also accepted Islam.  There were about 30 Muslims in the first 3 years.

• The 1st Islamic School and the 1st Islamic Center of Da’wah was opened at Daarul Arqam Al-Makhzumi in Makkah.  All came to learn Islam regularly in secret taught by the best of teachers, Rasulullah (sws).

C.E.   Age    Pr

613      43   3

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

                                     Da’wah in Public

• After calling people to Islam secretly during the 1st three years since the 1st revelation, Allah (swt) ordered Rasulullah (sws) to make Da’wah (inviting others to Islam) openly in public.

• 1.  When this Ayah “Proclaim openly what you have been ordered

                                            and turn away from idolaters” was revealed.

                                                                                        (Al-Hijr 15:94).

• Rasulullah (sws) invited his relatives from Abdul-Muttalib family to a dinner followed by his message.  Nobody responded except a young cousin Ali® who had the greatest courage.  Ali® said: 

“I am the youngest of you; I may be a boy, my feet may not be

strong enough,  but O Muhammad (sws), I shall help you.

Whoever oppresses you, I shall fight him.”

• 2. When this Ayah “And warn your tribe (O Muhammad) of near

                                     kindred” was revealed. (Ash-Shu’ara 26:214)

• With the order from that Ayah, Rasulullah (sws) climbed on the top of Mt. As-Safa and called the tribe of Quraish to Islam by asking them to declare:  

قُلْ لَااِلَهَ اِلاَ اللهُ تُفْلِحُوْن

“Say! There is no god but Allah and you will become successful.”

• Abu Lahab, his own uncle, became very angry and made a horrible insult to his own nephew by saying: “May you perish!” and rejected the message given by Rasulullah (sws).

• Rasulullah (sws) was shocked to hear this from his own uncle.  But Allah (swt) told Rasulullah (sws) that Abu Lahab and his wife (Umm Jamil) would receive a fearful punishment in the hereafter. Umm Jamil was gossiping and telling people not to believe in his message.  She slandered him and incited people to act out against him.  She also used to put thorns and threw garbage on Rasulullah’s doorstep.  Allah (swt) told us their bad treatment of Rasulullah (sws) in Surah Al-Masan 111: 1-5.

CE   Age      Pr

614    44      4

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

CE   Age      Pr

614    44      4

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

     Strong Hostility from the Makkans 

• The open invitation to Islam brought hostility and opposition to Rasulullah (sws) and his followers (Sahabah). He couldn’t believe that so many people would fight against something that was good for them.  He tried to take them away from worshipping woods and stones to the worship of Allah (swt) Who created them and provided them everything. He Who created heavens and the earth and everything in the universe along with their woods and stones.

• Rasulullah’s worst enemy was Abu Jahal.  He insulted and cursed Rasulullah (sws).  He used to put an animal’s innards on Rasulullah’s back while he was making Sujood (prostration) by Al-Ka’bah.  His little daughter Fatimah® cleaned it up for her father.  He told his daughter not to worry but be patient, Subhana Allah!

• Sa’ad bin Abi Waqqas® tried to protect Rasulullah (sws) from the Makkans’ attack.  He got hurt very badly.  He became the 1st Muslim to suffer for the sake of Allah (swt) and Islam.

• Harith bin Abi Halah® became the 1st Muslim man to die by trying to protect Rasulullah (sws) from the Makkans.

• Abu Jahal was the one who killed a Muslim lady named Sumaiyah® because she refused to denounce Islam. She became the 1st Muslim woman to give up her life for her Iman in Islam.

• Khabbab ibn al-Aratt® got beaten up badly and his cruel woman master poured hot coals on his head and body.  He cried out: “My Lord! Save me, give me patience.”

•  Bilal bin Rabah®, an Abyssinian slave, was tortured in the hot desert sand by his master named Umayyah bin Khalaf for accepting Islam. Bilal® while being tortured kept on repeating “Ahad!…Ahad! One!…One! Abu Bakr® finally bought his freedom and Bilal bin Rabah® become the 1st Muslim slave to be freed. Bilal®’s accepting Islam was one of many miracles of Islam. From being the lowest black slave before Islam, Allah (swt) has honored Bilal® to become the 1st Mu’azzin (a caller of prayer) for His beloved Prophet Muhammad (sws).  

• Uthman bin Affan® became a Muslim on Abu Bakr’s invitation.  He got beaten up badly by the Makkans. He and his wife Ruqaiyyah®, Rasulullah’s daughter made the 1st Hijrah to Abyssinia.

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Special Note:

A great personal quality of Rasulullah (sws) was well-known. He always told the truth. This was even acknowledged by his worst enenies. Abu Jahal said: “O Muhammad! I do not hold you to be a liar, although I do not believe in what you preach."

Abu Jahal of Makkah was Rasulullah (sws) worst enemy as Fir-oun (Pharoh) of Egypt to Prophet Musa (a). But the one who is worst than Abu Jahal and Fir-oun will be Ad-Dajjal. Rasulullah (sws) said: “No prophet was sent but that he warned his followers against at the one-eyed liar (Al-Masih-Ad-Dajjal). Beware! He is blind in one eye, and your Lord is not so, and there will be written between his eyes (the word) Kafir (i.e. disbeliever).” (Sahih Al-Bukhari)

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Uthman bin Affan® married Rasulullah’s other daughter, Umm Kunthum® after Ruqaiyyah’s death. He was a very modest man.  Rasulullah (sws) used to feel very shy around him.  He explained that Uthman® was a man even angels felt shy from. He later became the third Khalifah of Islam.

• The Quraish told Rasulullah (sws) to stop preaching Islam to the people, but Rasulullah (sws) refused.  They then put pressure on his uncle Abu Talib to stop supporting Rasulullah (sws).

• Abu Talib loved Rasulullah (sws) very much.  He requested Rasulullah (sws) politely to do according to the Quraish’s request.

• Rasulullah (sws) remained strong and firm to the command of Allah (swt) and said to his uncle Abu Talib:

“O my uncle, by Allah,

if they put the sun in my right hand and the moon in

my left hand, and ask me to give up my mission,

I shall not do it until Allah has made Islam

Victorious or I perish therein!”

• Abu Talib saw the firmness in his nephew and gave support by saying:

              “Go and say what you please, by Allah, I shall

                      Never withdraw my support from you.”

C.E.   Age    Pr

615      45    5

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhamma)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhamma)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

Emigration (Hijrah) to Habashah

Abyssinia (Current Day Ethiopia)

• As more and more Muslims being suffered through torturing by the Quraish, Rasulullah (sws) tried to find a way out for his Sahabah®.  He loved and cared for them very deeply. With Allah’s guidance, he ordered 15 Muslims to make a secret Hijrah by night crossing the Red Sea to Abyssinia (current day Ethiopia in East Africa).  Abyssinia was a Christian country which ruled by a noble and a just king named Negus or An-Najjashi. They were the 1st group of Muslims to make Hijrah for the sake of Allah. Uthman bin Affan® and his wife Ruqaiyyah®, Rasulullah’s daughter, were among them. This was the 1st Hijrah.

• 2nd group of Muslims. Later Rasulullah (sws) ordered 83 more Muslims to move there too. The Quraish leaders were very angry when they found out.  They sent ‘Amr ibn al’ As and Abdullah ibn Abu Rabi’ah to Abyssinia with wonderful gifts for the king.  They asked An-Najjashi to send the Muslims back to Makkah where they were belonged.

• As the just king, Al-Najjashi decided to listen to the Muslims’ side of story. Ja’far ibn abi Talib®, Rasulullah’s cousin, explained the reality of Islam to the king.  He also recited some Ayaat from Surah Maryam (19:16-33). The king was moved to tears along with his advisors.  The king explained in these words:

“What has descended to your Prophet Muhammad (sws)

And what was brought by ‘Isa ibn Maryam@,

Surely comes from the same source.”

• The king embraced Islam and allowed the Muslims to stay on in Abyssinia.  This is Islam, the universal religion and this is the Mercy of Allah (swt).

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Interesting Note:

1. Long time ago as a ruler of Yemen, Queen Bilqis® accepted Islam in the hand of Prophet Sulaiman@. King An-Najjashi® became another state ruler who accepted Islam, Mashaa Allah! When he died, Rasulullah (sws) while in Madinah made Salatul Janazah called Salat Al-Gho’ib for the king. It’s known to be the 1st long distant funeral prayer ever to take place on Earth, Subhana Allah.

2.  Al-Najjashi® later performed marriage between Rasulullah (sws) and Ramlah bint abi Suffiyan®.  It’s the 1st known long distant marriage in Islam. You should know that Ramlah®, also known as ‘Umm Habibah®, was a great and courageous lady.  Her father was Abu Suffiyan, the major leader of the Quraish and arch enemy of Rasulullah (sws). She became Muslim despite the heavy pressure from her influential father. When Rasulullsh (sws) allowed the Muslims to migrate to Abyssinia, She, her little Habibah and her husband ‘Ubaidullah ibn Jahsh were the 1st group to go. She left all the comfort and luxury life in Makkah for the sake of Islam.  Later, her husband died and left her with a little daughter and new faith in a completely strange land. Because of her strong Iman and commitment to Islam, Allah (swt) had honored her to be one of “the Mothers of the Believers”, and Paradise, Al-Jannah in the hereafter, Subhana Allah!

CE   Age     Pr

616     46    6

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhamma)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

• 6 years after Prophethood: This was a very important year when Rasulullah (sws) needed it most. Unlike Abu Lahab, Hamzah®, Rasulullah’s very brave uncle accepted Islam. He came to defend his nephew after Abu Jahl insulted Rasulullah (sws) very badly one day.

•  In the same year, a strong and powerful man named Umar bin Al-Khattab® on his way out to kill Rasulullah (sws) also accepted Islam. It’s a miracle of Islam and a help from Allah (swt)
• Now Rasulullah (sws) got a strong support from both Hamzah® and Umar®.

• Rukana, the best wrestler among the Quraish, had an evil intention to humiliate Rasulullah (sws).  He challenged Rasulullah (sws) for a wrestling match in public.  Rasulullah (sws) agreed to his challenge and defeated Rukana 3 times.  Upon his defeat, Rakana® accepted Islam by saying:

“O Muhammad,

you used to be the most hateful person to me. Now, I love you.

 I testify that you are the prophet and the messenger of Allah.”

• 20 Christians from Najran also decided to accept Islam.  They convinced that what Rasulullah (sws) taught was a continuation of the true message of Prophet ‘Isa@. Such was the power of the true message of Islam.

• The more people became Muslims the angrier the Quraish leaders were. They asked Abu Talib to hand Rasulullah (sws) over to them, but he refused.  Now, the Quraish decided to take the next evil step. It’s a social and economic boycott.

CE   Age      Pr

617     47  / 7

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

Social and Economic Boycott

• In 7th year of Prophethood, Abu Jahl and the Quraish leaders enforced “social and economic Boycott” to Rasulullah (sws) and his followers.  They were driven out from Makkah and confined in Shi’bi Abi Talib (the Valley of Abu Talib). Rasulillah (sws) and all the Hashimites tribe were isolated from the outside world. No food, water, as well as any human interactions were allowed.
• The Quraish leaders wrote on a piece of paper that no Arab tribes should have any dealings with Rasulullah (sws) and his followers, nor should they sell them any food. They posted their “Sacred Document” on the wall of Al-Ka’bah. Rasulullah (sws) and the Muslims suffered tremendous hardship for 3 years.
• Later, Allah (swt) ordered ants or termites to eat up their so called  “Sacred Document”, except the remaining of the words بسم اللهم  -  In Your Name, O Allah! 

• The boycott was lifted and the clans of Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib and Rasulullah (sws) were allowed to return to their homes.

CE   Age      Pr

620    50 / 10

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhamma)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

Year of Sorrow  - عا م الحزن

• 10th Year of Prophethood: Time passed and Rasulullah (sws) was at the age of 50 in the 10th year of his Prophethood in 620 C.E.  He had to face more difficulty, sorrow and grief.

• The hardship of the 3 year-boycott made his uncle Abu Talib physically weak and sick.  He later died.  Abu Talib was the one who always gave protection and support him. Rasulullah (sws) tried his best to make Abu Talib to become Muslim.  Unfortunately, he died without believing in or saying the most important word of

لَااِلَهَ اِلاَ اللهُ

• Allah (swt) ordered Rasulullah (sws) not to pray for his uncle and/or any other non-believers. He loved his uncle, but he (sws) loved Allah the most.         
• Later that year, Lady Khadijah®, his beloved wife and the 1st to accept Islam, also died on the 10th day of Ramadan.  She was 65.  Her death was another great loss to Rasulullah (sws).  He said: “I cannot bear the scene (of her death).  I believe that Allah has kept much good in it.”. She was the only wife to be buried in Makkah.

• Because of her righteousness, piety and nobility, loyalty, and sacrifice for the sake of Deen Al-Islam, Lady Khadijah® became one of the four most honorable ladies in the world to enter Paradise along with Lady Maryam®, Lady Aasiyah® and Lady Fatimah®. It’s the greatest success anyone could achieve…entering Allah’s Jannah.

• The death of Abu Talib and Lady Khadijah® was a terrible blow to Rasulullah (sws) but he had to accept it and be patient because it was decreed by Allah (swt).  Allah (swt) wanted His beloved Prophet (sws) to turn and rely upon Him and seek His Help alone. No one else. Look at what Allah (swt) has stated in Surah At-Tawbah 9:51

قُلْ لَّنْ يُّصِيبَنَآ إِلَّا مَا ڪَتَبَ ٱللَّهُ لَنَا هُوَ مَوۡلَٮٰنَا‌ۚ

وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَلۡيَتَوَڪَّلِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ

Say: Nothing shall ever happen to except what Allah has decreed for us.

He is our Protecting Friend. And in Allah let the believers put their trust!

(Tawbah 9:51)

• Death is an undeniable fact of life.  We all will die one day and we must be well-prepared for it, Insha Allah!

• His grief was so great and he called this year,                                           the Year of Sorrow. عَا مُ الْحَزن

Interesting Note:

Allah (swt) had taught His beloved Prophet (sws) and the best of mankind a great life-lesson here. Rasulullah (sws) used to rely upon Abu Talib for support and protection and he used to seek personal comfort and financial help from Lady Khadijah®. Now, they both were gone. Allah (swt) had intended that Rasulullah (sws) must turn to Allah (swt) completely 100% for help in comfort as well as protection.

We must also learn from this lesson in life. We recite many times a day during our Salat: “Through You Alone we worship and through You alone we seek help” (Surah Al-Fatihah 1:5). We must need no one else, except Allah (swt) and Him alone.

CE     Age    Pr

620     50 /10

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

CE     Age    Pr

620     50 /10

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhamma)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

Ta’if – the Most Difficulty Day

• With grief in his heart, he never failed to obey his Lord.  Rasulullah (sws) patiently continued to do his Da’wah work for the sake of Allah (swt).

• People of Makkah did not only listen to his message but also tried to harm him.  He decided to go outside Makkah visiting the hill-top city of Ta’if with his adopted son Zaid bin Harithah®.  Ta’if is a small city 60 miles southeast of Makkah, not too far from where he used to live with Lady Halimah® when he was a young boy.

• As soon as Rasulullah (sws) and Zaid® arrived, nobody welcomed them in Ta’if either.  They refused to believe in his message. Not only that, the 3 cruel leaders of Thaqif tribe mocked, insulted and made fun at him and told the children to throw rocks and stones at him and drove him out of the city with horrible sadness. They hooted at him and drove him out from the city. Look at how he had to go through the hardship.

• Rasulullah (sws) got hurt very badly with blood from head to toes. He was weary, very sad and tired. He decided to take shelter in a garden where he prayed to Allah (swt).

• While he was resting, the owners of the garden witnessed the whole episode. They felt sorry for him in his tired and bruised condition. They offered him hospitality by sending his servant named ‘Addas who brought grapes for him. He was so thankful to Allah (swt). Before eating the grapes, Rasulullah (sws) said: “Bismillah” (In the Name of Allah), ‘Addas was so impressed with his unusual manners. Addas never heard people in this area said this word before. Rasulullah (sws) asked him where he was from. ‘Addas said that he was from Ninewah, a city near Mosul located on Tigris River, a present day Iraq. Rasulullah (sws) responded by saying “So you came from the same city of Yunus-Jonah (a). ‘Addas became more surprised. He asked: “How do you know Yunus-Jonah (a)?” Rasulullah (sws) answered: “He is my brother. He was a prophet of Allah and I am also a prophet of Allah.” Upon hearing this, ‘Addas® became a Muslim on spot.  The most difficult day was not a waste day after all! – الحمد لله

• Jibril@ with the Angel of mountains came to Rasulullah (sws) and said he would destroy the entire city if Rasulillah (sws) commanded him to.  Rasulullah (sws) declined by saying that these people did not understand the message of Islam and someday their children would accept Islam as their way of life. He prayed for them and forgave them. Such a noble Prophet of Allah. Subhana’Allah. Question: What would you react if you were in his situation?
• Upon returning back to Makkah, Rasulullah (sws) expressed with his heavy-heart today “Ta’if - the most difficult day of my life.”

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Interesting Note: 

Rasulullah (sws) used to say that the day in Ta’if was the most difficult day of his life.  But look at his nobility and greatness; he was bruised, hurt and blood-stained, yet Rasulullah (sws) never said one word against those who abused him.  Eight years later, the entire city accepted Islam, Subhana Allah! This is our great Prophet of Allah who has been sent as a mercy to humanity.

وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَـٰكَ إِلَّا رَحۡمَةً۬ لِّلۡعَـٰلَمِينَ

“And We have not sent you (O Muhammad),

Except as a mercy to the worlds.”

(Surah Al-Ambiya 21:107)

Rasulullah (sws) never cared if anyone would hurt and harm him. His only concern was that Allah (swt) would not be angry at him for his weakness and lack of strength to fulfill his mission of conveying His noble message to the people.

CE    Age     Pr

620  50 /   10

“And surely, you (Muhamma)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

CE    Age     Pr

620  50 /   10

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhamma)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

CE    Age     Pr

620  50 /   10

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhamma)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

CE    Age     Pr

620  50 /   10

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhamma)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

CE    Age     Pr

620  50 /   10

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhamma)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

Al-Isra’ and Al-Mi’raj

the Night Journey to Jerusalem and Ascent to Heaven

on 27th of Rajab, 620

• After the severe shocks of the deaths of Abu Talib and Lady Khadijah®, and the cruel treatment of people at Ta’if, Allah (swt), the Most Merciful, was watching every episode of what had happened to His beloved Rasulullah (sws).

• Meanwhile, Rasulullah (sws) longed for some comfort and peace.  He firmly believed and trust in Allah (swt) that “After difficulty is relief and after difficulty is honor.” He had been patient. Patience paid off.

• Allah (swt) had relieved and honored His patient Prophet and His beloved Messenger in which no one ever received before in the history of mankind.  Prophet Musa@ got a great honor by speaking directly to Allah (swt) at Mt. Sinai.  But wait and witness what would happen next!

• Rasulullah (sws) received a remarkable and eventful night journey from Makkah to Jerusalem which is called Al-Isra’. He then ascent from Jerusalem to heavens which is known as Al-Mi’raj. Both happened in the same night. It was the most honorable and remarkable status any human being ever received from Almighty Allah during his lifetime, Subhana Allah!

• From Makkah Rasulullah (sws) accompanied by Jibril@ mounted a fantastic all white horse-like animal known as Al-Buraq to Jerusalem and then upper Heavens.

• At Masjid Al-Aqsa in Jerusalem, Rasulullah (sws) had an honor to be an Imam leading Salat to all of Allah’s prophets from Prophet Adam@ through Prophet Isa @. Such a great honor, indeed.

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Interesting Note:

Masjid Al-Aqsa or Bait-ul-Maqdis (بيت المقد س) was built by Prophet Ya’qoob (a). It is a special and famous Masjid for Muslim ‘Ummah. Rasulullah (sws) said that whosoever leaves his home with a sincere intention to makes Salat there for two Rak’aat, all his sins would be forgiven like he is first born from his mother. It was 2nd Masjid built on earth after Masjid Al-Haraam in Makkah which was built by Prophet Ibrahim (a) and Prophet Isma’il (a).

The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalam was a place where Rasulullah (sws) started his Miraj Journey to the upper heavens. It was not from Masjid Al-Aqra or Bait-ul-Maqdis.

• Al-Miraj is a night journey from Jerusalem to upper heavens. During Al-Miraj, Rasulullah (sws) met Prophet Adam@ in the 1st heaven; Prophets Yahya@ and Prophet ‘Isa@ in 2nd heaven; Prophet Yusuf@ in the 3rd heaven; Prophet Idris@ in the 4th heaven; Prophet Harun@ in the 5th; Prophet Musa@ in the 6th.  In the 7th heaven he met the father of all prophets, Prophet Ibrahim@, who was resting against the side of Al-Baitul Ma’mur – البيت المعمور. It is Allah’s House over the 7th heaven.

• Then Jibril@ showed Rasulullah (sws) his true form with 600 wings.  A magnitude of one flap of his green wings completely covered the horizon, Subhana Allah!
• Then Jibril@ took Rasulullah (sws) up to Sidrat al-Muntaha - سدرة المتهى.  It is a lote tree of the utmost boundary over the 7th heaven near the Paradise- Al-Jannah

• Then he went close to Al-Baitul Ma’mur – البيت المعمور in which 70,000 angels visit every day and they never return again. Here the container of wine, milk, and honey were offered to Rasulullah (sws) and he took the milk (حَلِيْب).  Jibril® said:

“This is the Islamic way of life which you

and your ‘Ummah are following.”

• During Al-Miraj journey, the conversation took place between Allah (swt) and Rasulullah (sws). We find this dialogue in Du’a of our daily Salat called “At-Tashahhud”. Every time we sit down during our Salat in At-Tashahhud position, it is like we are sitting in front of Allah in Paradise.

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Interesting Note:

Remember that when we make Salat we truly talk to Allah.

When we read Al-Qur’an, Allah truly talks to us.

• Here, Allah (swt) ordered Rasulullah (sws) and his ‘Ummah to make prayer 50 times a day.  However, with the advice of Prophet Musa @, Rasulullah (sws) asked Allah (swt) to reduce it to 5 daily obligatory Salawat.  (Can you imagine if we have to make Salat 50 times a day, what would happen to us?  This is a great mercy from Allah (swt) for his reduction.

• However, Allah (swt) has promised to grant 50 times of rewards for 5 Salawat.  Salat is therefore the only act of worship (‘Ibadah) that being ordered by Allah (swt) to Rasulullah (sws) in Al-Jannah الجنة  (Paradise) instead of Jibril@ bringing down to him.  Salat becomes the major key to open the gate of Al-Jannah - الجنة (Paradise). That is why Salat will be the 1st of all human’s deeds to be asked on the Day of Judgment. We must take good care of our Salat.

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Interesting Note: 

Remember!  “Today you take good care of your Salat

                       and Salat will take good care of you

                   both today and tomorrow.” Insha Allah!

• Back to earth: Next morning Rasulullah (sws) told the people about his extraordinary experience from Al-Isra’ and Al-Miraj.  The Quraish ridiculed and made fun of him.  They said he must have gone crazy.  Even some new Muslims started to have doubt about Rasulullah (sws). Some of the weak-minded Muslims even gave up their Iman altogether.

• But Abu Bakr® was very exceptional.  After hearing the story, he happily declared:

“By Allah! If Muhammad (sws) himself has said it, then it is true.  

He tells us that the word of Allah comes to him directly from

 heaven to Earth at any hour of night and day and we

believe him.  Isn’t this a greater miracle than

 what we are doubting here today.”

“You have spoken the truth, O Messenger of Allah.”

• Special Abu Bark®: Ten years ago when Rasulullah (sws) introduced Islam to Abu Bakr®, he accepted it right away without questions.  Now, he firmly accepted Rasulullah’s story of Al-Isra’ and Al-Miraj without hesitation.  Because of Abu Bakr®’s great quality acceptance of the Truth, Rasulullah (sws) had honored him with a noble title “As-Siddiq” – “One who sincerely testifies to the Truth”.

__________________________________________________________________________________

Special Note:

 Abu Bakr As-Siddiq® is the most remarkable person among Rasulullah’s stars of Sahabah®. His real name was Abdullah. We should study his life and follow his example of how to serve Islam as well.  Abu Bakr® was Rasulullah’s closest Sahabi (companion). He was in the cave of Thawr with Rasulullah (sws) during the most dangerous Hijrah. He gave his youngest daughter Lady Aishah® in marriage to Rasulullah (sws). He was also a generous man.  He used his wealth to free many slaves, including Bilal ibn Rabah®. He paid for price of land to build the 1st Masjid in Madinah. He was so generous that at the time of the battle of Tabuk he donated everything he owned for the cause of Islam. When Rasulullah (sws) asked him: “What have you left for your family?” He gently replied: “Allah and His Messenger”. Allah (swt) was so well-pleased with his righteous deeds.  

Allah (swt) conveyed “Salam” to Abu Bakr® through Jibril@. How honor could that be! On the Day of Judgment, Abu Bakr® will be granted a special permission to enter Allah’s Jannah from any of 8 gates he wishes.  Rasulullah (sws) chose Abu Bakr® to lead Salat at Al-Masjid An-Nabawi when he was ill. As a great Sahabi® of Rasulullah (sws), Abu Bakr As-Siddiq@ became the 1st Khalifah of Islam after Rasulullah (sws) passed away. During His Khalifah, he ordered Al-Qur’an to be collected and put in a book form. He ruled the Islamic empire for 2 years and 3 months.  He died at the age of 63 like Rasulullah (sws). He was honored to be buried next to Rasulullah (sws) inside Al-Masjid An-Nabawi along with Umar ibn Al-Khattab®. He was one of Al-‘Ashrah al-Mubash-shirah - the 10 Sahabah® who were promised Paradise in their lifetime.

• Rasulullah (sws) married Lady Saudah ® as his 2nd wife. She embraced Islam along with her husband Sakran® and her mother. All three emigrated to Habashah (Abyssinia) where her husband died there. Rasulullah (sws) married her the 10th year of his prophethood after the death of Lady Khadijah-Kubra®. She became one of Umm-ul-Mu’mineen – Mother of the believers.

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621   51  / 11

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

the 1st Pledge of Al-‘Aqabah

• 1st Pledge of Al-Aqabah: Things started to look brighter for Rasulullah (sws). 12 people from Al-Khazraj tribe in Madinah (then called Yathrib) met Rasulullah (sws) in a secret location known as Al-Aqabah near Makkah.  They embraced Islam and entered agreement with Rasulullah (sws).  It’s called the 1st Pledge of Al-Aqabah.  They pledged to:

1. Not make partners in worship with Allah
2. Not steal
3. Not lie/make false charges
4. Not commit adultery
5. No kill their children
6. Obey the Messenger of Allah in all that is good

• Rasulullah (sws) told them “Whoever fulfills the pledge will be rewarded by entering Paradise – Al-Jannah…”

• Rasulullah (sws) sent his trust Sahabi named Mus’ab ibn Umair® as a teacher to Yathrib.  Mus’ab ibn Umair®, therefore, became the 1st ambassador of Islam. He was very successful in teaching Islam to the new Muslims in the City of Yathrib (Madinah).

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622   52 /  12

“And surely, you (Muhamma)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

• 2nd Pledge of Al-‘Aqabah: the following year 73 Muslims including 2 women from Al-Khazraj and Auws tribes in Madinah (Yathrib) took part in the 2nd Pledge of Al-Aqabah at the same secret location.  It’s known as “Treaty of ‘Aqabah’. In this Treaty, they pledged to:

1. Protect and support Rasulullah (sws) against all odds
2. Protect their own women and children

• The Treaty was most fortunate for Islam and suffering Muslims in Makkah. They invited Rasulullah (sws) to move to Madinah (Yathrib) to be their leader. Rasulullah (sws) told his followers to go to Yathrib where they would be safe, and most of them took this opportunity to leave.

• Despite all this suffering Rasulullah (sws) was not allowed to fight the people who hurt him and his Sahabah. He always obeyed Allah (swt).

• Rasulullah (sws) planned and waited for the right time to make his next move to make Hijrah by the permission of Allah (swt).

CE   Age      Pr

622   53  / 13

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhamma)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

CE   Age      Pr

622   53  / 13

وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhamma)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

CE   Age      Pr

622   53  / 13

Rasulullah’s Hijrah

from Makkah to Madinah

27th of Safar 622 C.E.

• Rasulullah (sws) ordered a small group of Muslims from Makkah to emigrate to Madinah secretly by night. They were known as Muhajirun (emigrants).  

• Rasulullah (sws) advised Muslims in Madinah to help Muhajirun.  They were known as Ansar (helpers).

• Abu Bakr As-Siddiq® got an honor to make Al-Hijrah with Rasulullah (sws), while Ali® slept on Rasulullah’s bed to disguise the Quraish who planned to kill him.
• On 27th of Safar, 13 years after prophethood (622 CE), Allah (swt) ordered Rasulullah (sws) to make the most dangerous journey of his life, known as the Hijrah. For the first time, he had to leave Makkah, the city he loved, to Madinah, where he would establish the headquarters of the Islamic state. Rasulullah (sws) loved Allah (swt), and he always obeyed the commands of his Lord. He was 53 years old.
• Instead of going north, he and Abu Bakr As-Siddiq® strategically traveled south and stayed in the Cave Thawr for 3 days. Allah (swt) protected His prophet (sws) and Abu Bakr® from the Quraish with His simple creatures: a spider and a pigeon, Subbana Allah!

• Meanwhile, the 7 strong, skillful killers entered his house and found Ali® on the bed. They realized that Rasulullah (sws) had escaped from them. The Quraish leaders offered a head prize of 100 camels to anyone who captured Rasulullah (sws) dead or alive.

• Suraqah ibn Malik® in pursuit to capture Rasulullah (sws), but failed several times when his horse refused to cooperate. He got caught but Rasulullah (sws) let him go free.  (Note: Suraqah® later accepted Islam.)

• Rasulullah(sws) riding on his she-camel, Qaswa and Abu Bakr® arrived at Quba, a place near Madinah on the 8th of Rabi ul-Awwal. The journey took them 10 days. They stayed in Quba for 2 weeks waiting for Ali® to arrive from Makkah.  

• Rasulullah (sws) wasted no time. He built his 1st Masjid, Masjid Quba, At-Taqwa-Based Masjid and Ali® came to join him there. As Allah (swt) recorded this Masjid in Al-QFur’an:

أَفَمَنۡ أَسَّسَ بُنۡيَـٰنَهُ ۥ عَلَىٰ تَقۡوَىٰ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرِضۡوَٲنٍ خَيۡرٌ

“Is it then he who laid the foundation of his building

on piety to Allah and His Good Pleasure better,…”

(Surah At-Tawbah 9:109)

• Salman Al-Farisi®, a fire worshiper from Persia who became a Christian, came to visit Rasulullah (sws) at Quba. As part of his search of the truth, He came to learn about a new prophet from Arabia and his message. He was so happy to meet the prophet (sws). He did not embrace Islam here.

• Rasulullah (sws), Abu Bakr® and Ali® left Quba to Madinah. People of Madinah gave a warm-hero welcome to Rasulullah (sws) with a great anticipation, happiness, and joy.  Children sang a welcome Nasheed.

• All welcomed to host him. Rasulullah’s camel Qaswa first kneeled down in the vacant lot which belonged to two orphans named Suhail® and Sahl®.  Then she moved on to the house of Abu Ayyub Al Ansari® which became the first residence of Rasulullah (sws) in Madinah.

Interesting Note:

The Hijrah started a new chapter in the history of the Islamic movement.  It was the beginning of a new role for Rasulullah (sws). He became a remark-able statesman and the dynamic ruler of a brand-new Islamic state. We honor him by following his extraordinary example.

• The Islamic Hijri (Lunar) calendar started from this year.  This Hijrah ended the 53-year-long period of Rasulullah’s life in Makkah, the beloved city where he was born, and the difficult 13-year-long period of his Da’wah effort there. The new era of Islam began from then onward.    A.H. = After Hijra

CE    Age   Pr

Life Event of Prophet Muhammad (sws)

622      53 / 13

AH for year in Hijrah

1st A.H.

CE     Age    Pr

623     53 / 13

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

CE     Age    Pr

623     53 / 13

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

• Rasulullah (sws) finally arrived in Yathrib with his best friend Abu Bakr® and his cousin and future son-in-law Ali® who sacrificed their lives for their Prophet (sws) and his Deen al-Islam. The women and children in the city sang songs to show how glad they were to him.
• Most of the people had not seen him before and as they gathered around they did not know which one was the Prophet (sws), until Abu Bakr® got up to shield him with his cloak from the burning sun.
• His arrival in Yathrib was a memorable event for the people of the city.

     They were very happy to have Rasulullah (sws) among them. Here he

     Had found his home-base to spread Islam for the sake of Allah (swt).

• Yathrib then changed its name to Madinatun Nabi – the City of the Prophet or Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah – the City of Light (or Madinah in short).

• 1st task as a new leader of the City of Madinah, Rasulullah (sws) built his 2nd Masjid, Masjidun Nabawi on a piece of land owned by two orphans named Suhail® and Sahl®. He also built his simple residence right next to the Masjid so that he could be accessible to all people as a good leader should be. (Do we find any Muslim leaders like him now a day?)

• 2nd task as a dynamic leader of the 1st Islamic State, Rasulullah (sws)

     established a joint brotherhood between the Ansar and the Muhajirun.

• 3rd task was to establish a mutual peace agreement between Muslim and Jewish communities. Madinah was now the city of 3 diverse communities. He believed in unity and cooperation among people. He must build united society within its diversity.

1. the Ansar (the Helpers) of the Arab tribes of Al-‘Aws and Al- Khazraj from a local Madinah
2. the Muhajirun (the newly arrived immigrants) who came from Makkah
3. the Jews from the tribes of Banu Qainuqa’, Banu Nadir, and Banu Quraizah from Madinah and surrounding areas

• At first the Jews had welcomed Rasulullah (sws) like everyone else.  They had hopes he would join their religion of Judaism. He explained to the Jews that they had deviated their religious belief and practices away from those of Prophet Musa@.  They also denied the Prophethood of Prophet ‘Isa ibn Maryan@ who was chosen by Allah from among the Jews.

• Things needed to done politically for the benefit and well-being of all people. Rasulullah (sws) made a peace treaty and friendship with the Jews who were not happy with the situation of having him as their leader.  The main points of the treaty were as follows:

1. Muslims and Jews must help defend each other.
2. Muslims and Jews must respect each other’s rights.
3. Non-Muslims will have rights of life and properties.
4. Whoever promotes disorder will be considered a common enemy to be fought against by all.
5. No group can declare war against an enemy without the permission of the Prophet (sws).
6. In case of a war, both Muslims and Jews will share the expenses.
7. No one will have the right to make any deals with the Makkans.

• As you can see, the treaty was in the best interests of everyone in Madinah.  The historians call this treaty the first written constitution in human history.

• 4th task was to establish and organize a military force to defend and protect the newly created Islamic State.  It was a Islamic State based on “At-Taqwa – Piety/Righteousness”.  As Al-Qur’an states:    

“The best of you to Allah is the one who is the most righteous.”

• This year after many years of traveling and searching for the Truth, Salman Al-Farsi® a Christian at the time from Persia (Iran) became a Muslim.  Salman Al-Farsi® witnessed 4 signs of Prophethood within Rasulullah (sws).

1.   Living between two rocky tracks with a richness of palm trees

2.   Refusing to receive anything from Sadaqah (charities)

3.   Accepting Hadiyah (gifts)

4.   Seeing a birthmark on Rasulullah’s back between the shoulders with a

       size of an egg.

• This year Rasulullah (sws) married Lady A’ishah®, the youngest wife.  She became the first, the youngest, and the greatest Muslim woman scholar.  She was a daughter of Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq®. Rasulullah (sws) proposed to marry her in Makkah before the Hijrah and the marriage took place in Madinah Al-Munawwarah.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Interesting Note:

Lady A’ishah® narrated 2,210 Ahadith, the most among women.  Rasulullah (sws) loved her very much.  Rasulullah (sws) passed away while his head was on her lap. She became one of “the Mothers of the Believers”. She died at the age of 67 on 17 Ramadan 58 A.H. 

CE   Age    Pr

623   54 / 14

 2ndA.H.

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ

 خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

• 2nd year of Hijrah was an important year. Muslims began to enjoy a stable community life in Madinah. This year many revelations (Wahi) regarding social relations came down to Rasulullah (sws) from Allah through Jibril (a) to help guide his new growing Islamic State.

• 1.  Allah (swt) ordained the practice of defensive military Jihad to Rasulullah (sws) for the 1st time on Safar 12th.
• 2.  Allah (swt) sent a dream to ‘Abdullah ibn Zaid®.  In his dream, a man taught Abdullah ibn Zaid® the word of Adhan and ‘Iqamah.  Rasulullah (sws) told him to teach these words to Bilal ibn Rabah®. So, Adhan and ‘Iqamah were introduced for the 1st time and Bilal ibn Rabah® became the 1st Muadhin of Rasulullah (sws), a great honor for Bilial®.

• 3.  Allah (swt) commanded Muslims to pay Zakat (3rd Pillar) for the 1st time. This helped in relieving the needs of the poor, especially the Muhajirun who left their wealth and all belongings in Makkah when they made Al-Hijrah to Madinah.

• 4.  Allah (swt) ordered Rasulullah (sws) to change Al-Qiblah from Masjid Al-Aqsa (Bitul Maqdis) in Jerusalem to Al-Masjid Al-Haram (Bitul Allah) in Makkah.  It took place on Monday, Sha’ban 15th.  This change signaled to Rasulullah (sws) that his next great focus was to be towards cleansing Al-Ka’bah from impurity of 360 idols in Makkah.

• 5.  Allah (swt) prescribed Ramadan to be a month of obligatory Sawm - Fasting (4th Pillar of Islam). Muslims in Madinah started their fast for the 1st time in a hot desert land of Arabia.

• Meanwhile in the 2nd year of Hijrah the Quraish in Makkah prepared a big army to invade Madinah and to finish up Rasulullah (sws) and the Muslims once and for all.  And the 1st defensive military Jihad of Islamic state had just about to begin. Planning with patience is the key.

CE   Age      Pr

623  54 / 14  

2ndA.H.

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhamma)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

CE   Age      Pr

623  54 / 14  

2ndA.H.

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

The Battle of Badr

A Small Army with A Big Victory

• Before leaving the City, Rasulullah (sws) appointed Abu Lubabah to be a governor taking charge of Madinah during his absence.

• Then Rasulullah (sws) took his small army of Muslims to capture a huge Quraish caravan of 1000 camels. The caravan led by Abu Suffiyan, a bitter enemy of Rasulullah (sws). Abu Suffiyan brought his caravan from Syria back to Makkah.  It was loaded with goods and merchandises. Muslims had the rights to take back their belong left in Makkah.

• Meanwhile the Quraish also sent 1000 Makkan army to protect the caravan and to fight Muslims and to finish off Muhammad (sws) and Islam once and for all. They march to Madinah with arrogance and pride.  They believed they could succeed it this time with their might and power.

• Allah (swt) ordered His Prophet (sws) and Muslims to defend His Islam outside Madinah. He took his a small Muslim army of 313 ill-equipped with 2 horses and 70 camels faced against a mighty and well-equipped 1000 Quraish army.  

• The battle took place at Badr, a small oasis 80 miles from Madinah. The Battle of Badr (known in Al-Qur’an as Yawm al-Furqan in Practice) took place on Friday, 17th of Ramadan in the 2nd year of Hijrah.  It’s the 1st Islamic military Jihad for the Muslims Mujahiddeen. They also were defending Islam for the sake of Allah (swt) while fasting of Ramadan for the 1st time in their life.  It’s was the greatest test of their Iman and Taqwa from Allah (swt). They firmly trusted in Allah for His help and support.

Interesting Note:

Allah (swt) had tested Rasulullah (sws) and his Mujahiddeen at the Battle of Badr as He had tested the Muslim Mujahiddeen at the time of Talut® with a young Dawood@ in the past.  With the help and permission of Allah, “a small army overcame a mighty host.” The story was recorded in Al-Qur’an in the following:

ڪَم مِّن فِئَةٍ۬ قَلِيلَةٍ غَلَبَتۡ فِئَةً۬ ڪَثِيرَةَۢ بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِ‌ۗ…”

 وَٱللَّهُ مَعَ ٱلصَّـٰبِرِينَ

“…How often a small group overcame a mighty host by

Allah’s permission? And Allah is with the patient ones.”

(Al-Baqarah 2:249)

_____________________________________________________________________________

• Before the battle started, Rasulullah (sws) prepared his Muslim army ready of confrontation. Then he turned to Allah (swt) and made this powerful Du’a. (Please notice that Rasulullah (sws) would prepare his best according to human ability, then he would turn to Allah (swt) for help and protection.  We should do the same.)

“O Allah! The idol-worshippers have come to kill Your Messenger.

We need Your help, O Allah! The help which You promised.

If our small ban will perish, then there would

                be no one left to worship You.”

CE   Age       Pr

623   54  /  14  

2nd A.H

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

• Rasulullah (sws) prepared his Mujahideen to fight in ranks. As they started to march he noticed that someone had stepped out in front of the others. Rasulullah (sws) prodded him in the side with an arrow, saying, “Stand in line!” The man named Sawaad® exclaimed, “You have hurt me, O Ya Rasulullah! Allah has sent you to be just and good.” Rasulullah (sws) lifted his shirt and said, “Then do the same to me.” Sawaad® approached and kissed him on the spot instead, saying, “O Ya Rasulllah, you see what is before us and I may not survive the battle. If this is my last time with you, I want the last thing I do in life to be this (kissing you).” Shortly after he went into battle, Sawaad® died a Shaheed (martyr), Allahu Akbar!

• The battle began with individual duels between armies. During the dual, 3 Muslim Mujahiddeen killed the enemies.

Hamzah® killed                               = Shaibah

                            Ali ibn Abi Talib® killed                = Walid

                           ‘Ubaidah ibn al-Harith killed         = ‘Utbah

• During the Battle of Badr, Bilal® killed his former master, Umayyah bin Khalaf, who used to torture him very severely.  Umayyah used to put a huge rock on top of Bilal®’s chest in the middle of a hot desert sand.  Allah (swt) is just every time and every place. Justice was served.

• Also during the Battle of Badr, Abu Jahl, the evil leader of Quraish who used to insult and harm Rasulullah (sws) also got kill.  Abdullah ibn Mas’ud® who used to be tortured by Abu Jahal, stood atop of his chest.  With his evil arrogance and ignorance in his dying moment, Abu Jahl said: “O you shepherd!  You have climbed high… Who won the battle?”  Abdullah ibn Mas’ud® answered: “Allah (swt) and His Prophet (sws) won.”  Again, Allah (sws) is just. Justice was again served.

• Muslim Mujahiddeen fought bravely with Hamzah® in the middle of battle field defending Rasulullah (sws).  Hamzah® killed Shaibah in an individual dual. He was called “Assadullah – the Lion of Allah.” The small Muslim army decisively defeated the mighty Quraish army.  Seventy Quraish were killed and 70 were taken prisoners.

• Rasulullah’s 1st daughter Lady Zainah®:  Her non-Muslim husband Abu Al-Asi was one of the prisoners.  She asked her father to free him for her and he did. Because of Rasulullah’s kindness and mercy, Abu Al-Asi® embraced Islam. This made Lady Zainab® so happy. It’s a happy ending for one of the Quraish, Al-Hamdulillah!

____________________________________________________________________________________

Interesting Note 1:

The Battle of Badr proved beyond doubt that real strength lies in Iman and trust in Allah (swt) and not in powerful arms and material resources. It was the most important defensive Jihad in the history of Islam. The Muslim Mujahiddeen won the war because of the help from Allah (swt) and their strength of Iman. The battle decided the future course of history for the Muslims as you will see, Insha Allah!

Interesting Note 2:

It is also important to note that the same day Muslim Mujahiddeen defeated the mighty idol worshippers of Quraish at the Battle of Badr, the Roman army (the Christians who believed in God) also defeated the army of Persian Empire (the Fire Worshippers).

Interesting Note 3

His brave and trust cousin Ali ibn Abi Talib® fought courageously during the great Battle of Badr.  He killed Walid in the individual dual of Badr.  He was a very learned man.  Therefore, he was known as “Babul ‘Ilm – the Door of Knowledge”.  After the battle, Rasulullah (sws) rewarded him by marrying Ali® to his youngest and most beloved daughter, Lady Fatimah®, Al-Hamdulillah!

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623   54 / 14  

2nd A.H

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

Interesting Note:

1. Ali ibn Abi Talib® and Lady Fatimah Bint Muhammad® had two famous sons named Hassan® and Husain® and a daughter named Zainab® whom Rasulullah (sws) loved very dearly.   Ali® was the 1st boy to accept Islam. Ali® was the one who risked his life for Rasulullah (sws) the night when the Quraish plotted to kill him during Hijrah. Ali® became the 4th Khalifah who ruled the Islamic empire for 4 years after Uthman ibn Affan®.  Ali® was one of Al-‘Ashrah al-Mubash-shirah - the 10 Sahabah who were promised Paradise-Al-Jannah in their lifetime.  Lady Fatimah® was one of four righteous women honored by Allah (swt)…Lady Khadijah® first wife of Rasullan (sws), Lady Mariam ® Mother of ‘Isa (a) and Lady Asiyah® a Queen and wife of Fir-oun of Eypt.

2. Because of her great quality of righteousness, piety, and service to her father Muhammad (sws) and Islam, Lady Fatimah® was later known as “Sayyidatun Nisa – Leader of women.  She passed away on Ramadan 3rd, 11 A.H., 6

months after the death of her father, as foretold by Rasulullah Muhammad (sws).  She was only 30 years old.  

• After the Battle of Badr, two weeks later, Muslims in Madinah celebrated the victory of the Battle of Badr as well as the completion of their 1st fasting of Ramadan. The 1st Eid ul-Fitr was celebrated on the 1st day of following Shawwal, 2nd A.H. Allah (swt) always grants a great reward to His righteous servants in this life and the life beyond.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Interesting Note:

Muslims celebrated the 1st Eid ul-Fitr for their two important Jihads.

1. The victory of the Battle of Badr through the military effort was a celebration of “a small Jihad” and

2. The obedience to Allah through fasting effort was a celebration of a big Jihad.

CE      Age     Pr

624      55 / 15

  3rdA.H

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ

• The victory of the Battle of Badr made the position of Rasulullah (sws) and the Muslims more secure than ever.  More revelations (Wahi) kept on coming from Allah (swt) to Rasulullah (sws).

• Allah (sws) revealed 1st restriction on drinking wine and alcohol.

• Allah (swt) prohibited the payment of Riba (interest) for the 1st time.

• Laws on orphans and inheritance were revealed.

• Laws on marriage and rights of wives were revealed.

• Rasulullah (sws) married Lady Hafsah®, the daughter of Umar ibn Al-Khattab®. She moved to Habashah (Abyssinia) with her husband. And later they emigrated to Al-Madinah. She was a widow.  Her husband became a Shaheed (martyr) at the Battle of Badr.

• During this year, the 3rd A.H., Uthman ibn Affan®’s wife Lady Ruqayyah® passed away with illness. Rasulullah (sws) loved Uthman® so much.  He married his other daughter Lady Umm Kulthum® to him. Uthman® later was known as “the One with the Two Lights” as he had been married to two of Rasulullah’s daughters.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Interesting Note:

Uthman® was a pious man. He was well-known for his generosity. He was known as Al-Ghani (the Rich).  He had a great quality of Shyness (al-Haya’) even the angels felt shy of his quality. As a great Sahabi® of Rasulullah (sws), Uthman ibn Affan@ became the 3rd Khalifah of Islam after Umar ibn Al-Khattab®. He ruled the Islamic empire for 12 years.  During his Khalifah, he established a strong naval force for Islamic empire. He was a simple and a kind-hearted man.  He was one of Al-‘Ashrah al-Mubash-shirah - the 10 Sahabah who were promised Paradise in their lifetime.

CE        Age  Pr

624      55 / 15

 3rd A.H.

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

CE        Age  Pr

624      55 / 15

 3rd A.H.

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

The Battle of Uhud

The Battle of Greed and Disobedience

• Meanwhile, the Jews were alarmed by the Muslim victory.  They thought for sure the Muslims would lose.  Banu Qainuqa, one of the 3 Jewish tribes in Madinah, broke the peace treaty and ridiculed Rasulullah (sws) in public. They created disunity in the city.  Rasulullah (sws) had to take action by blockading them. They surrendered after 15 days. Rasulullah (sws) expelled them from Madinah. They moved out and settled down near Syria. (You notice that the Jews were the trouble makers to the Mulims.)

• The Quraish were filled with bitterness at their losses at the Battle of Badr last year.  They planned for revenge. Al-‘Abbas®, Rasulullah’s uncle, who still lived in Makkah sent a secret note informing Rasulullah (sws) of the Quraish’s plans. The Quraish came with an army of 3,000 strong including 200 horsemen, including Khalid ibn Walid.

• Rasulullah (sws) marched out of Madinah with an army of 1,000. Among them was ‘Abdullah ibn Ubaiy (Saloon), the leader of well-known hypocrite Jew with his 300 men. They came to create trouble and chaos in the Muslim rank. Rasulullah (sws) ordered him to go away with his men.  They left with ‘Abdullah ibn Ubaiy, the hypocrite.  

• Now, Rasulullah (sws) had only 700 true Mujahiddeen to help him.  He strategically planned his Mujahiddeen for 2nd defensive Military Jihad. He ordered 50 Muslim archers to stand guard a narrow pass up the hill.  This would protect the enemy from a sneak attack.  He firmly ordered all archers not to move from their position under any circumstance. He appointed ‘Abdullah bin Jubair® as a leader over the archers.

• The two armies faced each other in the morning at Mt. Uhud, to the north of Madinah. The Battle of Uhud was fought on Shawwal 5th, the month after Ramadan in the 3rd year of the Hijrah. Muslims had just finished their 2nd year of Ramadan fasting and celebrating 2nd Eid-ul-Fitr.

• The battle began with the individual duals starting with Hamzah®, Ali® and Abu Dujanah® defeated their Quraish opponents as they did in Badr. Fierce fighting broke out and soon the Mujahiddeen got the upper hand and forced the Quraish army to retreat. The Muslims were winning and the decisive victory was near. The Muslims captured the enemy supplies on the ground.  Before the battle was over, most of the Muslim archers left their post and joined in the collection of booty, despite pleas of their Amir ‘Abdullah Bin Jubair®. 

• Khalid Bin Walid, the Quraish commander, made a counter attack from the rear. Abdullah Bin Jubair® and 6 remaining archers fought bravely until finally they were martyred (became Ash-Shuhadaa’).

• Khalid Bin Walid’s army took the Muslim army by surprise and soon the Muslims’ celebration ended in grief. They found themselves surrounded by the Quraish army from all sides. Hamzah®, Rasulullah’s (sws) uncle and a great Muslim warrior, was martyred (shaheed) by Abyssinian slave named Wahshi with a javelin throw. He was promised his freedom by Hind, the wife of Abu Suffiyan.  They mutilated the dead body of Hamzah®.  Hind took out Hamzah®’s liver and chewed it raw.  Many other Mujahiddeen got martyred as well.

CE         Age  Pr

624      55 / 15

 3rd AH

• Rasulullah (sws) was also injured by the mouth and lose his tooth.  He had to climb up Mt. Uhud and to be saved from the Quraish’s attack.  A Muslim woman named ‘Umm Amarah® rushed in to defend Rasulullah (sws). Lady Fatimah® and Ali® helped treat the wound on his face.  The Muslim army lost 70 Mujahiddin in the battle. At the end of the day no one won outright.  

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Interesting Note:

The Battle of Uhud had some very costly lessons for the Muslims. The greed and disobedience of the Muslim archers at the mountain pass caused the entire Muslim army including Rasulullah (sws) to suffer badly in a battle which they had almost won. Discipline and obedience to the Amir-leader are very important in all effort. A few years later, Wahshi®, hind® and Abu Suffiyan® embraced Islam and Rasulullah (sws) also forgave them,  Al-Humdulillah!

CE   Age       Pr

625   56  /   16

4th

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

• Allah (swt) revealed many Ayaat explaining to the Muslims why they did not win outright victory at the Battle of Uhud.  They had been too concerned with worldly wealth and most importantly they disobeyed the strong orders of Rasulullah (sws).

• This year Ayah ordering women to wear Hijab was revealed. Wearing Hijab has become a Jihad for Muslim women for the 1st time.

• Also, Allah (swt) revealed Ayah with complete prohibition of drinking wine and alcohol.

• Meanwhile, other Jewish tribes, Banu Nadir, violated the peace treaty.  They created disturbance against the Muslims. Along with the hypocrites, they had also planned to kill Rasulullah (sws).  He took action against them and ordered the whole tribe to leave Madinah like Banu Qainuqa.  They moved to Khaibar and turned the place into an enemy den against Islam and Muslims.  Two were out and one more to go. One remaining Jewish tribe in Madinah was Banu Quraizah.  They, too, would create troubles to the Islamic State.

• During the 4th A.H. Rasulullah (sws) married Lady Zainab Bint Khuzaimah®. She was a widow. Her husband Abdullah bin Jahsh® who was martyred in the Battle of Uhud.  She lived for only 3 months after marrying the Prophet (sws). She was a well-known as “Umm-ul-Masakeen” (the Mother of the poor and needy). She would help the poor and destitute so much. Rasulullah (sws) used to call her a “wife with a long arm” due to excessive generosity.

• During this year, Rasulullah (sws) also married Lady Umm Salamah ®. She and her husband Abu Salamah® emigrated to Habashah (Abyssinia) and then to Al-Madinah. Her husband got wounded in the Battle of Uhud, which led to his death. He left 4 orphans. Rasulullah (sws) decided to marry her to take care of her and her children.  

CE      Age     Pr

626     57  / 17

5th AH

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhamma)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

• Rasulullah (sws) had a very busy life.  Hardly a day passed without incident taking place somewhere in the new Islamic State. This year seventy Muslim teachers were massacre by the enemy.

• Revelation kept on coming down to him from the heaven. He received an Ayah pertaining laws of Zina (adultery) and slander this year.

• The Jewish Banu Nadir had now made a secret agreement with the Quraish to fight and finish up the Prophet (sws) and the Muslims.  The Jews were supposed to believe in One God.  But they told the Quraish that idol-worship was better than At-Tawheed (Oneness of Allah). The Quraish marched to Madinah with over 10,000 warriors, all fully equipped and armed for battle.  It was the largest army the Arabs in the peninsular ever witnessed.  

• Rasulullah (sws) called for Shura (consultation) meeting to discuss defending strategy.  How to defend Madinah from this huge Quriash and their allies’ army? Imagine how the Muslims felt in this crisis situation.  Rasululllah (sws) remained calm, patient, and in command.  He always relied and trust in Allah’s help and protection. Do your best. Trust Allah.

CE      Age     Pr

626      57 / 17

5th AH

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

CE      Age     Pr

626      57 / 17

5th AH

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ

 خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

The Battle of the Trenches

(Al-Khandaq)

The Turning Point of the Military Jihad

• You remember Salman Al-Farsi®, a Persian Muslim man. He wisely advised Rasulullah (sws) to dig a huge trench or Al-Khandaq around the city of Madinah.  Rasulullah (sws) agreed with the idea. It took 20 days for Rasulullah (sws) and his Sahabah® to complete the digging. It was the enormous trench with 6 feet deep and 8 feet across. This war tactic of trenches confused the enemy, Subhana’Allah

• The 3000 Muslim Mujahiddeen were once again prepared to fight their 3rd major defensive Jihad for the sake of Allah (swt) and His Prophet (sws).  They wanted to save Islam for us. We are in debt for their self-sacrifice.

• It was known as the Battle of the Trenches (Al-Khandaq).  It was fought in the 5th year of the Hijrah or 626 C.E.  The 57 years old Prophet of Allah was just to engage in an all-out war in the defense of Islam once again.

• The Quraish arrived with their 10,000 warriors ready to attack.  They became confused to see the enormous trench in front of them.  They could not attack. They decided to camp out and prepared for a long siege. It was a winter month.

• The Quraish army had to face a winter and cold winds carried over the desert at night. They were worry.  Huyayy ibn Akhtab, the leader of Banu Nadir, had asked his Jewish ally Banu Quraizah to break the peace treaty and attack the Muslims from within. Finally, Ka’b ibn Asad, the leader of Banu Quraizah, agreed.  Rasulullah (sws) asked Banu Quraizah to honor the treaty. He reminded them that they might suffer the worse consequence than their two other Jewish tribes that were forced to leave the city.  They refused to listen. You will find out what had happened to the trouble makers. Allah (swt) always protects his righteous servants.

• Rasulullah (sws) sent Nu’aym® for a secret mission to Banu Quraizah and to the Quraish.  Nu’aym® worked to confuse and divide the enemy’s camps.  It sure worked well, Alhamdulillah. All enemy parties were disunited and divided.  They failed to form a united front to attack the Muslims as they earlier had planned. Meanwhile, Allah (swt) sent His Own army to help His Prophet (sws) and the Muslims. It’s a strong sandstorm and heavy rain at night to destroy hundreds of their tents.  They had to run back to Makkah with a great sense of failure and defeat. Allah (swt) always helps His prophets and the true believers at all times. TRUST in Allah (swt).

• Upon seeing what had happened to the enemies next morning the Muslims gave thanks to Allah (swt) at the miracle which saved them from the Quraish and allies. One very important thing still had to be done, however.
• Banu Quraizah had betrayed the Muslims in their greatest hours of need.  They broke the peace treaty and joined the enemies. It’s the worst crime the people could do against the state they lived in.  The time had come to deal with these trouble makers or the traitors.  
• Rasulillah (sws) ordered his Muslim army to march against the Banu Quraizah. They had no choice but to surrender and waited anxiously to be trialed for their crime.

• Rasulullah (sws) appointed Sa’d ibn Mu’adh®, the chief leader of Al-Auws tribe, to make a judgment on their fate. The Jews were happy because he used to be their good ally. Sa’d ibn Mu’adh® judged them justly according to the law of Tawrah, the law of Jews.  The crime of treason, betrayal and traitor was death.  So, all men of Banu Quraizah were executed and women and children were taken as captives.

Very Interesting Note:

1. Death of Sa’ad ibn Mu’adh®: Very soon after peace had been restored to Al-Madinah, Sa’ad ibn Mu’adh® died of his wound during his Jihad. Jibril (a) came in the middle of that night and said to Rasulullah (sws): “O Muhammad! Who is this dead man? When he arrived, the doors of heaven opened and the Throne (Arsh) of Allah shook.” Rasulillah (sws) got up and found his loyal Ansar Sa’ad ibn Mu’adh® was already dead. He was a heavy man. However, those who carried him to the grave found it quite light. They were told that the angels were helping them. When he was buried, Rasulillah (sws) said 3 times: سبحانالله (Glory be to Allah), الله اكبر (Allah is the Most Great). When asked why he said this, Rasulullah (sws) replied, “The graves squeezed this good man, until Allah eased it for him.” This is one of many rewards that Allah gives to Ash-Shuhaada’ (martyrs) and good righteous Muslims.

2. If the Jews had succeeded in their pact, Islam would have been destroyed. Instead, from that day on Al-Madinah became a city where only Muslims lived. Now, Al-Madinah was safe from enemies inside as well as outside by the will of Allah (swt). Alhamdulillah

CE      Age     Pr

626      57 / 17

  5th AH

• Allah (swt) instructed His Prophet Muhammad (sws) to declare to the Muslims that the Battle of the Trenches was a turning point for the defensive military Jihad.  From here onward the Muslims would fight their wars in the offensive military Jihad.  It meant the Muslims would go out to confront the enemies instead of waiting for the enemies to attack the Muslims in the city like in the past. Al-Hamdulillah.
• During this 5th A.H., Rasulillah (sws) married his 7th wife, Lady Zainab Bint Jahsh ®. First, Rasulillah (sws) married her to Zaid bin Tharithah®, his adopted son. The marriage did not work out between them. After Zaid® granted her a divorce, Rasulullah (sws) by the order of Allah married her.

________________________________________________________________________________________

Interesting Note:

Rasulillah (sws) married many times in his life by Allah’s order. This is only one occasion in which Allah (swt) has mentioned it in Al-Qur’an. It was the marriage of Rasulullah (sws) with  Zainab bint Jahsh®. “…We joined her (Zainab) in marriage to you (Muhammad)…” Also, Allah (swt) has referred to Zaid by his name. It is in Surah Al-Ahzab 38, Ayah 37. It is such a great honor, Masha Allah.

CE      Age     Pr

627      58 / 18

   6th AH

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ

 خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

• This year Rasulullah (sws) married Lady Jawairiyah®. She was made a prisoner in a battle and accepted Islam. Rasulullah (sws) paid for her ransom and married her. By Rasulillah’s good gesture, more than a hundred of her people became free slaves.Alhamdulillah.

• Battle of Khaibar: To eliminate another potential threat to the Islamic State, Rasulullah (sws) ordered his Muslim army to march and fought against the Jews of Banu Nadir in the Battle of Khaibar and won against the trouble-makers. Here Rasulullah (sws) married a Jewish woman named Lady Safiyah®, who became a committed Muslim for the rest of her life. Therefore, she became one of the “Mothers of the Believers – ‘Ummahaat al-Mu’minim” in Islam.

•  The prestige of the Muslims was raised after the Battle of the Trenches.  More and more people from the surrounding tribes were accepted Islam.  Islam was making good progress among the hearts and minds of the people in the Arabian Peninsula.

• Now it’s a season of pilgrimage for all the Arabs to visit Al-Ka’bah.  Rasulullah (sws) organized 1400 Sahabah® to Makkah for ‘Umrah. This would have been the 1st true pilgrimage for Muslims to re-establish the practice of Prophet Ibrahim (a) long time ago.

• After a long journey, Rasulullah (sws) and the Muslims stopped at a place called Hudaibiyah. There the Quraish stopped Rasulullah (sws) from entering Makkah and denied him and the Muslims to perform ‘Umrah. They sent Amr Ibn ul-‘As to discuss the situation with the Prophet. Finally, Rasulullah (sws) and the Quraish had agreed to sign a mutual agreement called the treaty of Al-Hudaibiyah.  With this treaty, Al-‘Umrah had to be postponed until next year.  The main points of the treaty are as follows:

1. There will be 10 years of peace between both sides.
2. No hostility will be made by either side.
3. Both sides can make deals and alliances with whomever they please.
4. Any Makkan man who leaves for Madinah must be returned to Makkah.
5. Anyone from Madinah who leaves for Makkah will not be returned.
6. There will be no ‘Umrah this year.  The ‘Umrah will be made the following year for 3 days.

• The terms of the agreement were against the Muslims.  However, Rasulullah (sws) accepted these conditions, although many of the Muslims did not like it. Rasulullah (sws) said:

“I am the servant and messenger of Allah.

I always obey His commands,

and He will never fail me.”

• The treaty turned out to be favorable for the Muslims in the end.  Allah (swt) reassured His Prophet (sws) by revealing this Ayah:  

“إِنَّا فَتَحۡنَا لَكَ فَتۡحً۬ا مُّبِينً۬ا”

“Surely, We have granted you a clear victory.”

(Surah Al-Fatih 48:1)

CE      Age     Pr

627    58  /  18

6th AH

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

CE      Age     Pr

627     58  / 18

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

• How could this one-sided treaty be a victory for Muslims?  The treaty eased the long years of tension and made possible the intermingling of the people of Makkah and Madinah.  This provided an opportunity for the Muslims to openly teach the non-Muslims about Islam.  In fact, Khalid ibn Walid®, the Quraish military genius, and ‘Amr ibn ul‘As®, the Quraish chief negotiator, accepted Islam during this time and a lot more people became Muslims.  The treaty of Hudaibiyah also opened the way to the conquest of Makkah in the 8th year of the Hijrah.

Interesting Note:

Anyone who entered Islam had created a positive impact to the growth of Islam and Muslims.  Khalid ibn Walid® who had been given the title of “Saifullah – the Sword of Allah” by Rasulullah (sws) helped in the conquest of Makkah and defeated a huge Raman power in Syria.  ‘Amr ibn ul’As® was the one who later conquered and brought Islam to Egypt.

Please think a moment to yourself:

“What a positive impact do you plan to make

for the sake of Islam and Muslims?”

• The 6th year of the Hijrah was also an important year when Abu Hurairah ad-Dawsi al-Yamani® moved from his hometown along the coast of the Red Sea to be with Rasulullah (sws) in Madinah. While living among his people, he heard about Islam and became a Muslim a the hand of his friend named At-Tufail ibn ‘Amr ad-Dawsi®. The two remained with their people, trying to bring them to Islam. Because of this mission, Abu Hurairah® didn’t come to Madinah until 6 years of the Hijrah.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Interesting Note:

Anytime you read Hadith, you would more likely hear his name.  Abu Hurairah®, one of the best known of all Sahabah®, accepted Islam before Rasulullah’s Hijrah.    His real name was Abd ash-Shams meaning “Servant of the Sun”. Rasulullah (sws) gave him new name as Abdul-Rahman – Servant of the Merciful.  His nickname Abu Hurairah® means “the father of the Kitten,” because he loved kittens. He was very poor and was one of Ahl-as-Suffah, the People of the Bench.” He stayed within Masjid An-Nabawi.

Abu Hurairah® loved Rasulullah (sws) so much and wished to learn as much as he could.  Once in Al-Masjid Al-Nabawi he made Du’a: “O Lord … I ask You for knowledge which will not be forgotten.”  Rasulullah (sws) said “Amin!” upon hearing his Du’a.  Only 4 years being with Rasulullah (sws), Abu Hurairah® learned and memorized the entire Qur’an (becoming a Hafidth) and narrated 5,374 Ahadith, the most among Rasulullah’s Sahabah® due to his great mind of memory. One of his many best deeds was by convincing his own mother to accept Islam in her old age, Masha Allah!

• During this ‘peace agreement’, Rasulullah (sws) reached out to the people of the world with the message of Islam. He sent letters inviting rulers of different countries including Persian and Roman emperors to Islam.  Khusroe, the Shah (King) of Persia, tore it up in anger out of his arrogance and pride.  Rasulullah (sws) remarked:  

“What Khusroe did to our letter,

Allah will do to his empire.”

And several years later it happened just as the Prophet (sws) had said it would. Allah (swt) is always just and we must trust in Allah (swt), always!

CE      Age     Pr

627     58  / 18

6th AH

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

CE      Age     Pr

629    60 /   20

7thA.H

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ۬

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

• Heraclius, the Byzantine Roman emperor, was a ruler in Syria at that time. He also received Rasulullah’s letter which presented to him by a brave Sahabi named Dihyah®. After reading the message, Heraclius wanted to be a Muslim but he afraid that the Romans would kill him. The letter contained the powerful message as follows:

A Letter to the World’s Rulers

In the Name of Allah, the Compassionate Source of All Mercy

From Muhammad, the Son of ‘Abdullah, to Heraclius, the Emperor of Byzantium.

Peace be upon the followers of right guidance.  I call you to the way of self-surrender (Islam).  If you accept it, you will be saved and God will double your reward.  If you don’t accept it, the responsibility for the salvation of your subjects will be upon you.  

“O People of the Book, come to a fair principle, common to us both, that we serve only God, that we make no partners with Him and that we don’t take others as lords besides God.  But if they refuse, take note that we are surrendered to (God’s will.)”

_______________________________________________________________________________________

• Heraclius sent a respectful letter in reply to Rasulullah (sws), but did not accept Islam.

• Muqawqis, the Christian Archbishop of Egypt also received a letter of invitation to Islam from Rasulullah (sws).  He, too, declined to accept Islam.  However, he sent respectful gifts including two Egyptian women to Madinah.  Sireen and Mariyah Al-Qibtiyah.

• On their way, the two women became Muslims.  Zaid bin Thabithah® married Sireen®.  

• Rasulullah(sws) married Lady Mariyah Al-Qibtiyah®. Therefore, Lady Mariyah Al-Qibtiyah® became one of “Mothers of the Believers – ‘Umm-ul-Mu’mineem” in Islam.  She bore one son for Rasulullah (sws).  His name was Ibrahim®, who later died at a young age. Ibrahim® died during the time of Solar Eclipse in Madinah. Rasulullah (sws) was 58 years old.

• Based on a condition of the treaty of Hudaibiyah, Rasulullah (sws) and his Sahabah® made a journey to Makkah performing a postponed ‘Umrah this year. It was the 1st time ‘Umrah was performed by Rasulullah (sws) and his Sahabah® according to the true teaching of Islam.

• In order to make family as a strong social institution, Allah (swt) revealed Shari’ah - laws regarding marriage and divorce between husband and wife to His Prophet Muhammad (sws) in Madinah this year. Al-Hamdulillah.

• This year Rasulullah (sws) married Lady Ramlah bint abi Suffiyan®.  Also known as ‘Umm Habibah®. She was the daughter of Abu Suffiyan. She embraced Islam when her father was fighting against Rasulullah (sws). She, her husband and their little daughter, Habibah moved to Habashah (Abyssinia). Later, her husband denounced Islam. Without her husband’s support, she remained strong with her faith (Iman) in this strange land. Rasulillah (sws) decided to marry her due to her bravery. The ceremony was performed by King Al-Najashi while Rasulullah (sws) was in Al-Madinah and ‘Umm Habibah was in Habshah (Abyssinia). Later, she joined Rasulullah (sws) in Al-Madinah and become another “Ummul-Mu’mineen” – the mother of believers.

• Also this year, Rasulullah (sws) married Umm-ul-Mu’mineen (mother of the believers) named Lady Maimunah ®.

Special Note:

Allah (swt) created us as Muslims with two crucial purposes (ID to Paradise)

1. ‘Ibadah: To worship Allah (swt)
2. Da’wah: To call mankind to worship Allah (swt)

CE      Age     Pr

629    60 /   20

8thA.H

وَإِنَّكَ

 لَعَلَىٰ

 خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ

“And surely, you (Muhammad)

Are on an exalted standard of character.”

(Al-Qalam 68:4)

The Conquest of Makkah 

20th of Ramadan 8 A.H.

• This year Rasulullah (sws) sent an army of 3,000 under the leadership of Zaid bin Thabithah® to fight in the Battle of Mu’tah.   The Byzantine Roman Empire mobilized an army of over 100,000 to meet the Muslims.  Zaid bin Thabith®, Ja’far ibn Abi Talib®, and Abdullah ibn Rawahah® were killed, therefore they became martyrdom for the sake of Islam.  Under the leadership of Khalid ibn Walid®, the Muslim army returned to Madinah.  Rasulullah (sws) declared that they would fight again another day.

• Meanwhile, the Quraish broke the Treaty of Hudaibiyah and declared the Treaty null and voided.  Abu Suffiyan, the Quraish leader, then realized they made a big mistake and begged for the treaty to be valid again.  Rasulullah (sws) refused to see him.  Abu Suffiyan returned to Makkah frightened. Rasulullah (sws) knew the time had come for final victory.  

CE      Age     Pr

629    60  /  20

8th AH

CE      Age     Pr

629    60 /   20